Acute Renal Failure, also known as Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), is a sudden and often reversible loss of kidney function that develops over hours or days. The kidneys become unable to effectively filter waste products, balance fluids, and regulate electrolytes in the body.
This condition can occur due to reduced blood flow to the kidneys, direct damage to kidney tissue, or blockage of urine flow. Acute renal failure is a serious medical condition that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment.
Common causes include:
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Severe dehydration or blood loss
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Infections or sepsis
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Certain medications or toxins
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Kidney injury or obstruction of the urinary tract
Symptoms may include:
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Decreased urine output
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Swelling in the legs, ankles, or face
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Fatigue and confusion
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Nausea or shortness of breath
Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, restoring fluid and electrolyte balance, and supporting kidney function. In severe cases, temporary dialysis may be required. With early intervention, kidney function can often recover fully.
